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1. Civil war- a conflict between two groups within the same country, followed their deaths
    Julius Caesar- military leader; joined forces with Crassus, a wealthy Roman, and Pompey, a popular general; Caesar was elected consul in 59 B.C. for the next ten years; genius military strategist ; was in the government as consul, governor, and dictator
    triumvirate- a group of three rulers
    Augustus- "exalted one" Octavian- Caesar's grandnephew, became an unchallenged ruler of Rome; became the one and only ruler of Rome
    Pax Romana- "Roman Peace" included more than 3 million square miles and was populated by 60 to 80 million people and about 1 million people lived in the city of Rome itself

3. Some factors that led to the fall of the Roman Republic were Caesar going into office and becoming an outstanding ruler, than eventually his grandnephew became leader for ten years. He drove his allies apart and took over as a single, undefeated ruler

4. Successful governing was because of the efficient government and able rulers, as well as agriculture and trade

5. To distract the masses of Rome the government provided free games, races, mock battles, and gladiator contests