Population Pyramids

Population Pyramids

• we use population pyramids to analyze growth ( or decline) of fertility, morality, and migration in cities (males are always on the left of the pyramid and women are on the right)
• three basic shapes

- Christmas tree-- developing nation growth rates are slow; high birth rate, short life expectancy; ex: Namibia
- The box-- slow growth, low infant mortality, slow population growth, and long life expectancy; ex: USA; Sweden
- The cup-- developing nation; negative growth, low birth rate, shrinking population, long life expectancy; ex: Italy; Japan

10/29

Today in class we talked about last Friday's assignment. I did not realize we had to write brief paragraph about each fact about the country we chose. Luckily we were aloud to fix our mistakes. I fixed my assignment and emailed him about it. I hope my grade goes up enough to keep it at an A for this quarter. I think it will happen, but you never know. I did not realize that I had to write five paragraphs about each fact. It will be okay it is not the end of the world. I am just trying to get second honors now, so hopefully my grade does not go down because i have exactly a 4.1 GPA. I do not know how I am passing half my classes because I do not understand half of the material we are doing.

Qatar

        Qatar is a country that is located off of the Persian Gulf. It has a population of 2,314,307 people as of July 2017 and the average age of the people is 25-54.  The population is high compared to how small the country is. It is smaller than Connecticut and bigger than Delaware.

        All of the population is forced to labor and to a lower force, prostitution. Migrants are legally forced to work in poor conditions and get a low pay rate. They are forced to give up passports and are unable to live in poor quality homes. Women are forced into prostitution sometimes.
 
       The population of the men that age is 1,359,383 hundred. The women only have 274,334 people. I found this interesting because most countries have a close to similar rate of men and women and for the population of men and women.This is because of immigration. With that more men immigrated to Qatar than women which explains why there are very few compared to the men.
     
        There are 67.7% are Muslim and 13.8% are Christian or Hindu, and 3.1% are Buddhist, 0.1% of folk religion, 0.1% are Jewish, 0.7% are other and 0.9% unaffiliated. I found that Qatar was close to the more Muslim countries. However, I found it interesting that there are a good bit of Jews in Qatar. It was interesting because you would not expect people with the Jewish religion because it is not really one of those countries.

  Their growth rate is 2.27% the birth rate is 9.6 births per 1,000, and the death rate is 1.5 per 1,000. The N.M.R. is 14.6 per 1,000. This is related to what we are doing in class. The birth rate is super high, which means that the population is growing rapidly. The death rate is way lower than the birth rate.

10/25 Notes

• Net Migration Rate: the difference between the number of person's entering and leaving a country during a year

- an excess of persons entering the country is net immigration

• written as a positive number
• example: Canada has 5.65 migrants per 1,000 population
•                U.S. has 2.45 ( it was 3.62 in 2015)

- an excess of persons leaving the country is net emigrant

• written as a negative number
• example: Mexico has -1.68 migrants per 1,000 population
•  -3.61 two years ago, -3.11 last year  

notes 10/23

Life expectancy

• the average numbers of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year
• High: Monaco- (89.52 total: 85.63 men, 93.58 women
• #42 : U.S. - (79.68 total: 77.32 men, 81.97 women)
• Low: Chad- (49.81 total: 48.64 men, 51.03 women)
• crude birth rate: number of births per 1,000 of the population
• crude death rate: number of deaths per 1,000 of the population
• rate of natural increase (RNI)
• produced by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate 
• this gives us the annual natural growth rate- in percentage form- for a country or region

but don't forget about migration

Net migration Rate: the difference between the number of person's entering and leaving a country during a year

       - an excess of persons entering the country is the net immigration 

Population and Settlement

More people than ever!

• over 7.5 billion people on the planet right now
• increasing by over 73 million per year
• by approx. 200,00 per day
• 8,377 per hour
• 149 per minute
• 2.5 per second
• 90% of this population growth takes place in the developing countries of Africa, South and East Asia and Latin America

Population by the billions

population-- 1----- 2----- 3----- 4----- 5----- 6----- 7-----

year          --1804--1927--1960--1974--1987--1999--2011

years        --10,000- 123--33-----14-----13-----12-----12-----

elapsed

Test

Today we had a test. I think I did well because the test was not that hard. I did seem to have to figure some questions, but for the others I knew what the answer was. I am pretty positive that I passed. We were aloud to work on other homework or anything else we had to do after the test, so I started my math homework. I have no idea what we are doing in that class. It is Friday and I can not wait for this day to end. I just want to sleep and not do homework or worry about school. I am happy that the test is over with, but now we have to learn more material and I am not looking forward to that.

Discussion about time zones

Today in class we talked about time zones and how they will be on the test. It is an open map test so I am going to take advantage of that and make the most out of my map. The test is not until Friday. I do not want to take this test because I am not totally confidant that I know all the material, even though I studied. It is alright though because after class today I understood time zones a lot more than I did before. Since the test is Friday I have an extra day to study and I will use that time to make sure all my material that I will need is correct and I know it well. I have a good grade in this class, so I am not stresses about getting a lower score.

10/15 assignment

What did Eratosthenes accomplish

1.  He estimated the distance between the sun and earth and the moon and earth.
2. He also created The Sieve of Eratosthenes, which is a system that makes it easier to find prime numbers.
3. He was the first person to conclude why the Nile River flooded every year.

What time is it in... if it is 10:00 in Bel Air?

1. In Portland, Oregon it is 7:00
2. In Greenwich, England it is 3:00
3. In Toronto, Ontario it is 10:00
4. In the South Pole it is 4:00

Locations and place names

1. Some toponyms named after physical features are Ecuador, Campo Grande, Salt Lake City, Boston, MA
2.  Some toponyms named after Native American places are Alaska, Alabama, Colorado, California, and Delaware.
3. Some toponyms named after people are Bolivia, Columbia, El Salvador, Israel, and Cambodia

Latitude and Longitude

1. Baltimore, MD- 39.290580, -76.609260
2. Quito, Ecuador- -0.194408, -78.490368
3. Taveuni, an island in Fiji--17.813030, 178.129721
4. Christchurch, New Zealand--43.509102, 172.541120
5. Juneau, Alaska-58.30032 degrees N,-134.3176 degrees E

The definition of Geographic Antipode is any spot on Earth is the point on Earth's surface diametrically opposite to it

1. Departmento Conesa, RN, Argentina
2. Perth, Australia
3. (39° 25' 39.3" S, 103° 41' 34.6" E) -39.427585, 103.692945 

 

10/10

Today in class we discussed about Global warming and we can prevent it. We can produce less coal and less oil. We should use more solar powered and wind powered resources. The reason why we are having so many hurricanes the past few years is because glaciers are melting and the water has no where to go and the wind blows it right into countries. The sooner we try to prevent all the glaciers from melting, the sooner we will not have as many issues with hurricanes and flooding. It is not about if countries may flood it is about when. If we do not try to prevent this, soon enough countries and continents will be fully submerged in water. Ways we may be able to reduce Global Warming is using less oil and coal and instead using more solar power and wind power. Even though coal and oil is the cheapest option, it is not the best way to power the world.

10/9 Notes

• Region of Culture 

Culture is the body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people

                                     origin of word, culture, is the Latrine cultures, which means "to care for", means to care about and to care for

Geographers study both definitions of culture 

       culture: what people care about

                   Geographers study why the customary ideas, beliefs, and values of a people produce a distinct culture in a particular place

                    Especially important cultural values derive from a group's language, religion and ethnicity

       culture:  What people take care of

                      The second element of culture of interest is production of material wealth, such as food, clothing, and shelter that humans need in order to survive and thrive

• scale is the relationship between the portion of the earth being studied and earth as a whoe
• Globalization is a force or process that involves the entire world and results in making something world wide in scope.

10/5 notes

• Geographers identify three types of regions

1. Formal Region (aka uniform region or homogenous region)

- an area in which everyone shares in common one or more distinctive characters

• Ex: common language, economic activity, or climate 
• characteristics may be predominant rather than universal

2. Functional Region (aka nodal region)

• An area organized around a node or focal point
• The characteristic chosen to define a functional region dominates at a central focus or node and diminishes in importance outward

3. Vernacular Region (aka perceptual region)

• an area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity

10/3 notes

Location can be identified in three ways
      1. Place Names
- A Toponym is the name given to a place on Earth

•  Names derived from people of prominence, religious affiliation, physical features, or origins of its settlers

       2. Site

- Site is the physical character of a place

• Characteristics include climate, water sources, topography, vegetation, latitude, and elevation   

      3. Situation

• situation is the location of a place relative to other places
• Region: A Unique Area 

- A area on Earth defined by one or more distinctive characteristic is a region

• most often applied two scales

              1. Spanning political states

              2. Constrained within one political state

• a region derives its unified character through the cultural landscape- a combination of cultural, religious, and physical features

- "Culture is the agent, the natural area the medium, the cultural landscape is the result" - Carl O. Sauer, American Geographer

Test Results

We went over the test today. I got an A. I would have like to do better with the essay, but overall I did well. We talked about why Socrates said and did what he did. I did not explain the key point of the essay, which was about the fact that we should self-examine life, not let others chose for us. I could have explained that in a bit more detail. I got all the questions for multiple choice right and I also got the bonus question right which probably brought my grade up to an A. I'm am over all happy with the test and I will keep it, so I can study for exams in December.  I now know what tests are like in this Human Geography class. I do not want the tests to get harder, but I know they are going to, but I guess I have to deal with it. I now have a 96 over all in this class, so I am not worried to much. However, I still want to pass.

10/1 notes

Pinpointing Locations GPS
-Global Positioning System(GPS)
-System that accurately determines the precise position of something on Earth
- GPS in U.S. includes three elements
1. satellites placed in predetermined orbits
2. Tracking Stations to monitor and control satellites
3. Receiver that can locate at least four satellites, figure out distance from each, and use the info to calculate its precise location
Applications
- Turn-by-turn directions in vehicles
-Navigational aid to pilots and ship captains
-provide location for social media applications in a smartphone
Why is each point on Earth unique?
-a place is a specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular characteristic
-describing the features of a place is an essential building block for geographers to explain similarities, differences, and changes across Earth
-Geographers describe a feature's place on Earth by identifying its location, the position that something occupies on Earth's surface